Vlin Crystals-KTP Crystal

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KTP Crystal

KTP (Potassium Titanyl Phosphate) Crystal

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	Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTiOPO₄,KTP) Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTiOPO₃ or KTP) is widely used in both commercial and military lasers including laboratory and medical systems, range-finders, lidar, optical communication and industrial systems.
Details

VLIN's KTP is featured by

• Large nonlinear optical coefficient

• Wide angular bandwidth and small walk-off angle

• Broad temperature and spectral bandwidth

• High electro-optic coefficient and low dielectric constant

• Large figure of merit

• Nonhydroscopic, chemically and mechanically stable

VLIN offers

· Strict quality control
· large crystal size up to 20x20x40mm³ and maximum length of 60mm;
· Quick delivery(2 weeks for polished only, 3 weeks for coated)
· Unbeatable price and quantity discount
· Technical support
· AR-coating, mounting and re-polishing service

Table 1. Chemical and Structural properties

Crystal Structure	Orthorhombic, space group Pna2₁,point group mm²
Lattice Parameter	a=6.404?, b=10.616?, c=12.814?, Z=8
Melting Point	About 1172°C
Mohs Hardness	5
Density	3.01 g/cm³
Thermal Conductivity	13W/m/K
Thermal Expansion Coefficient	α_x=11x10^-6/°C, α_y=9x10^-6/°C, α_z=0.6x10^-6/°C

Table 2. Optical and Nonlinear Optical Properties

Transparency Range	350～4500nm
SHG Phase Matchable Range	497～1800nm (Type II)
Therm-optic Coefficients (/°C)	dnx/dT=1.1X10^-5 dny/dT=1.3X10^-5 dnz/dT=1.6X10^-5
Absorption Coefficients	<0.1%/cm at 1064nm <1%/cm at 532nm
For Type II SHG of a Nd:YAG laser at 1064nm	Temperature Acceptance: 24°C-cm Spectral Acceptance: 0.56nm-cm Angular Acceptance: 14.2mrad-cm (φ);55.3mrad-cm (θ) Walk-off Angle: 0.55°
NLO Coefficients	d_eff(II)≈(d₂₄-d₁₅)sin2φsin2θ-(d₁₅sin²φ + d₂₄cos²φ)sinθ
Non-vanished NLO susceptibilities	d₃₁=6.5 pm/V d₂₄=7.6 pm/V d₃₂=5 pm/V d₁₅=6.1 pm/V d₃₃=13.7 pm/V
Sellmeier Equations (λ in μm)	n_x²=3.0065+0.03901/(λ²-0.04251)-0.01327λ ² n_y²=3.0333+0.04154/(λ ²-0.04547)-0.01408λ² n_z²=3.3134+0.05694/(λ ²-0.05658)-0.01682λ²

Applications for SHG and SFG of Nd: lasers

KTP is the most commonly used material for frequency doubling of Nd:YAG and other Nd-doped lasers, particularly when the power density is at a low or medium level. To date, extra- and intra-cavity frequency doubled Nd:lasers using KTP have become a preferred pumping source for visible dye lasers and tunable Ti:Sapphire lasers as well as their amplifiers. They are also useful green sources for many research and industry applications.
* More than 80% conversion efficiency and 700mJ green laser were obtained with a 900mJ
   injection-seeded Q-switch Nd:YAG lasers by using extra-cavity KTP.
* 8W green laser was generated from a 15W LD pumped Nd:YVO₄ with intra-cavity KTP.
* 200mW green outputs are generated from 1 W LD pumped Nd:YVO₄ lasers by        using CASTECH ’s 2x2x5mm KTP and 3x3x1mm Nd:YVO₄.
* 2-5mw green outputs are generated from 180mw LD pumped Nd:YVO₄ and KTP glued    crystals.For more details, please refer to Glued Crystals.
KTP is also being used for intracavity mixing of 0.81μm diode and 1.064μm Nd:YAG laser to generate blue light and intracavity SHG of Nd:YAG or Nd:YAP lasers at 1.3μm to produce red light.

Applications for OPG, OPA and OPO

As an efficient OPO crystal pumped by a Nd:laser and its second harmonics, KTP plays an important role for parametric sources for tunable outputs from visible (600nm) to mid-IR (4500nm), as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

Generally, KTP’s OPOs provide stable and continuous pulse outputs (signal and idler) in fs, with 10⁸ Hz repetition rate and a mW average power level. A KTP’s OPO that are pumped by a 1064nm Nd:YAG laser has generated as high as above 66% efficiency for degenerately converting to 2120nm.

The novel developed application is the non-critical phase-matched(NCPM) KTP OPO/OPA pumped by the X-cut KTP crystal. As shown in Fig.5, for pumping wavelength range from 0.7μm to 1 μm, the output can cover from 1.04μm to 1.45μm(signal) and from 2.15μm to 3.2μm(idler). More than 45% conversion efficiency was obtained with narrow output bandwidth and good beam quality.

Applications for E-O Devices
In addition to unique NLO features, KTP also has promising E-O and dielectric properties that are comparable to LiNbO₃These advantaged properties make KTP extremely useful to various E-O devices. Table 1 is a comparison of KTP with other E-O modulator materials commonly used:

Table 1. Electro-Optic Modulator Materials

Phase

Amplitude

Material

R(pm/V)

k(10^-6/°C)

N⁷r²/ε(pm/V)²

r(pm/V)

k(10^-6/°C)

n⁷r²/ε(pm/V)²

KTP

LiNbO₃

KD^*P

LiIO₃

15.42

27.9

48.0

5.9

1.80

2.20

1.47

1.74

35.0

8.8

24.0

6.4

6130

7410

178

335

27.0

20.1

24.0

1.2

11.7

3650

3500

178

124

Applications for Optical Waveguides
Based on the ion-exchange process on KTP substrate, low loss optical waveguides developed for KTP have created novel applications in integrated optics. Table 2 gives a comparison of KTP with other optical waveguide materials. Recently, a type II SHG conversion efficiency of 20%/W/cm2 was achieved by the balanced phase matching, in which the phase mismatch from one section was balanced against a phase mismatch in the opposite sign from the second. Furthermore, segmented KTP waveguides have been applied to the type I quasi-phase-matchable SHG of a tunable Ti:Sapphire laser in the range of 760-960mm, and directly doubled diode lasers for the 400-430nm outputs.

Table 2. Electro-Optic Waveguide Materials

Materials

r (pm/V)

e_eff (e₁₁e₃₃)^1/2

n³r/e_eff (pm/V)

KTP

LiNbO₃

KNbO₃

BNN

GaAs

BaTiO₃

56-1340

1.2

1.86

2.20

2.17

2.22

3.6

2.36

119-3400

373

17.3

8.3

9.2

7.1

5.1-0.14

4.0

1.0

AR-coatings
VLIN provides the following AR-coatings:
· Dual Band AR-coating (DBAR) of KTP for SHG of 1064nm.
         low reflectance (R<0.2% at 1064nm and R<0.5% at 532nm );
         high damage threshold (>300MW/cm2 at both wavelengths);
         long durability.
· Broad Band AR-coating (BBAR) of KTP for OPO applications.
· High reflectivity coating: HR1064nm&HT532nm, R>99.8%@1064nm, T>90%@532nm.
· Other coatings are available upon request.

VLIN Warranty on KTP Specifications:
· Dimension tolerance: (W±0.1mm)x(H±0.1mm)x(L+0.5/-0.1mm) (L≥2.5mm)
(W±0.1mm)x(H±0.1mm)x(L+0.1/-0.1mm) (L<2.5mm)
· Clear aperture: central 90% of the diameter
· No visible scattering paths or centers when inspected by a 50mW green laser
· Flatness: less than λ/8 @ 633nm
· Transmitting wavefront distortion: less than λ/8 @ 633nm
· Chamfer: ≤0.2mm@45°
· Chip: ≤0.1mm
· Scratch/Dig code: better than 10/ 5 to MIL-PRF-13830B
· Parallelism: better than 20 arc seconds
· Perpendicularity: ≤5 arc minutes
· Angle tolerance: Δθ≤0.25°, Δφ≤0.25°
· Damage threshold[GW/cm ]: >0.5 for 1064nm, TEM00, 10ns, 10HZ (AR-coated)
>0.3 for 532nm, TEM00, 10ns, 10HZ (AR-coated)
· Quality Warranty Period: one half year under proper use

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